5/6肾切除致大鼠慢性肾衰竭模型对心房电生理特性的影响

Effects of 5/6 nephrectomy on atrial electrophysiological characteristics in rats

目的构建5/6肾切除致大鼠慢性肾衰竭模型,并探讨其心房电生理特性。方法选取SPF级雄性SD大鼠30只,适应性饲养1周后通过随机数字表法随机分为对照组(control组)与肾衰组(CKD组),各15只。对两组大鼠体重、血清指标、超声心动图、心率、血压、心房有效不应期(atrium effective refractory period,AERP)、房颤诱发率进行测量和比较。结果5/6肾切除可成功制作大鼠慢性肾衰竭模型。与control组比较,6周后CKD组肌酐、尿素氮显著增加,体重显著降低,心脏重量显著增加,心脏/体重比增加,血压显著增加,CKD组室间隔收缩末期厚度、室间隔舒张期厚度均显著增加,左室后壁厚度显著增加,左心房内径增大,两组间差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05),而左室射血分数无显著变化,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);心房有效不应期显著缩短,房颤诱发率显著增加,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论大鼠5/6肾切除模型6周后可成功制作慢性肾衰竭模型,同时可引起高血压,心衰,心房有效不应期缩短和房颤诱发率增加。

Objective To induce chronic kidney disease(CKD)by 5/6 nephrectomy in rats and to evaluate the atrial electrophysiological characteristics.Methods Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into 2 groups with 15 rats in each group,in which CKD group were undergone 5/6 nephrectomy and control group were undergone sham operation.Weight of the rats,parameters of renal function,echocardiography and electrocardiogram were measured at baseline and 6 weeks after the surgical procedure.The blood pressure,the weight of heart,atrial effective refractory periodand atrial fibrillation inducibility was determined at the end of study.Results 5/6 nephrectomy successfully induced therat CKD model.Compared with the control group,after 6 weeks,creatinine,urea nitrogen,weight,heart weight,heart/weight ratio and blood pressure increased significantly in the CKD group.The end-systolic and diastolic thickness of ventricular septum increased significantly in the CKD groups,the thickness of left ventricular posterior wall increased significantly,the inner diameter of left atrium increased,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05),but there was no significant change in left ventricular ejection fraction(P>0.05).Atrial effective refractory period was significantly shortened,atrial fibrillation induced rate increased significantly,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion After 6 weeks of 5/6 nephrectomy in rats,the model of chronic renal failure could be successfully set up,which could cause hypertension,heart failure,shortening of atrial effective refractory period and increasing the induced rate of atrial fibrillation.