加速社会中的“超真实”体验——鲍德里亚、罗萨对资本主义规训秘密的揭示

The Super-real Experience in Accelerated SocietyL——Baudrillard and Rosa's Reveal of the Capitalist Discipline Secret

“超真实”和“加速”分别是鲍德里亚和罗萨定义现代性的核心词汇,前者是对由信息技术加速发展带来的社会失衡状态的理论表达,后者是对加速社会中人类生存处境的现实表征。在分析资本权力的运作模式和规训秘密时,这两个概念不可避免地融合了。社会的不断加速使人们逐渐丧失了确定性的生存场域,产生了种种“超真实”的社会体验。“加速”造就了“超真实”的时空体验,通过消费和休闲的规划,让“自由时间”成为了“劳动时间”的延长状态,也使主体的生存空间逐渐受到挤压并逐步趋向透明;“加速”还造就了“超真实”的身份体验,通过物化和竞争的逻辑,让身份从一种价值认同变成了一种规训手段;“加速”更造就了“超真实”的交往体验,通过技术和数据的中介,让交往从直接变为间接,从真实走向虚拟。正是人们在时空、身份和交往层面上产生的“超真实”的矛盾体验构成了整个加速社会的运行机制,在这种“快与慢”“真与假”的矛盾更迭中,资本权力的运作模式不断改变,主体的异化形式不断加深。

Super-reality and acceleration are the core words of Baudrillard and Rosa's definition of modernity respectively.The former is the theoretical expression of the social imbalance caused by the accelerated development of information technology,and the latter is a realistic representation of the human survival situation in accelerated society.These two concepts inevitably merge when analyzing the operational modes of capital power and the secrets of discipline.Specifically,the constant acceleration of society has gradually led to the loss of certain deterministic areas of existence,resulting in a variety of super-real social experiences.Acceleration has created super-real time and space experience,through the planning of consumption and leisure,makes free time become the extension of labor time,and the living space of the subject is gradually squeezed and gradually becomes transparent.Acceleration has also created the super-real identity experience.Through the logic of materialization and competition,identity has changed from a value identity to a discipline.It is people's super-real contradictory experience at the level of time,space,identity and communication that constitutes the operating mechanism of the entire accelerated society.In this kind of contradiction between fast and slow and true and false,the operation mode of capital power is constantly changing,and the alienation form of the subject is deepening.