元代奴儿干的东征元帅府

The Marshal Office of Dongzheng in Nurgan in the Yuan Dynasty

元朝在东北边疆的奴儿干之地设东征元帅府(又称征东元帅府)作为军事镇戍机构。东征元帅府的设立时间约在元武宗至大元年到元文宗至顺二年之间,而非通常认为的世祖时期。除了制约黑龙江下游地区诸部族武装和镇压叛乱外,打捕海东青并保障当地出产的珍贵皮货能够顺利入贡也是该元帅府的职责。东征元帅府的设立标志着元朝在黑龙江下游地区建立起了较为稳定的直接统治,不但促进了东北边疆与内地的物质文化交流,亦影响到明初奴儿干都司的建立。

The Marshal Office of Dongzheng(or Marshal Office of Zhengdong)was founded in Nurgan during the Yuan dynasty as a military office for frontier garrisoning.This marshal office was founded after 1308 and before 1331,rather than in the period of Khublai Khan(1260—1294)as the views usually considered.Besides restraining the tribal armed forces and suppressing the rebellion of local tribes,arresting gyrfalcons and ensuring the system of tribute of the furs from Nurgan were also the tasks of the Marshal Office.The Marshal Office of Dongzheng was a symbol of the stable and direct governance by the Yuan dynasty to this region,which not only promoted the communication of material and culture between interior and northeast frontier but also affected the establishment of the Nurgan Regional Military Commission in the Ming dynasty.