基于声子晶体的船机减振特性研究

Vibration Reduction Characteristics of Ship Engine Based on Phononic Crystal

声子晶体在减振降噪方面具有广阔的应用前景,比如将声子晶体的概念引用到我们日常的交通工具减振的研究中。针对船机的振动和噪音问题,设计一种基于局域共振理论的声子晶体板。其结构为多元复合圆柱体周期排列在基体中构成。通过COMSOL有限元软件分析,计算带隙特性,振动传输损耗,以及隔音效果。最后将所设计的声子晶体板通过振动实验,分析其实际减振效果并与环氧树脂基板对比。研究表明:在完全带隙范围内,振动传输有明显损耗,隔声量也明显优于基板。通过振动实验分析,声子晶体板对低频激励的衰减作用也优于基板,整体对比分析相较基板有5~10个单位的衰减作用。

Phononic crystals have broad application prospects in vibration and noise reduction,such as the introduction of the concept of phononic crystals into our daily research on vehicle vibration reduction.A phononic crystal plate based on local resonance theory was designed for the vibration and noise problems of the ship.The structure was composed of a plurality of composite cylinders periodically arranged in the matrix.Through COMSOL finite element software analysis,the band gap characteristics,vibration transmission loss,and sound insulation effects were calculated.Finally,the designed phononic crystal plate was subjected to vibration experiment to analyze its actual vibration damping effect and compared with the epoxy resin substrate.The resesearch shows that:in the range of complete band gap,the vibration transmission has obvious loss,and the sound insulation is also significantly better than the substrate.Through the vibration experiment analysis,the attenuation effect of the phononic crystal plate on the low frequency excitation is also better than that of the substrate,and the overall comparative analysis has a 5~10 unit attenuation effect compared with the substrate.