论美国对拉美三国与台湾当局“断交”的干涉——一种“新门罗主义”下的霸权护持分析视角

The U.S.Intervention in the Severance of“Diplomatic Relations”between the Three Latin American Nations and Taiwan:From the Perspective of Hegemonic Maintenance under the“Neo-Monroe Doctrine”

在当代国际社会中,霸权国虽处于体系顶端但仍有护持霸权的本能,其维持霸权的主要目标是通过遏制"崛起国"来保持双方的相对权力差距,"非武力干涉"由此成为霸权国时常采用的手段。2017年以来,拉美三国(巴拿马、萨尔瓦多、多米尼加)与台湾当局"断交"事件引发特朗普政府和美国国会的粗暴干涉。以结构中单元互动进程所引发的压力作为自变量,对美国干涉拉美三国与台湾当局"断交"行为的生成机制进行剖析可以发现,美国干涉行为的实质是美国在拉美地区"霸权护持利益"与美拉关系、中美关系两组结构性矛盾交织互动的结果,不仅会危及台海地区和平稳定,也无助于台湾"参与国际活动"问题的解决。

In the current international system,the hegemon,sitting on the top,still has the instinct to protect its dominant power by maintaining the power distance gap between itself and the so-called"challenging nations".In this case,"non-military intervention"is used increasingly often,especially when the hegemon intends to contain the challenging powers.Since 2017,three Latin American countries-Panama,El Salvador and the Dominican Republic-have broken off the so-called"diplomatic ties"with Taiwan and established diplomatic relations with the People’s Republic of China,triggering invention by the Trump administration.Pressure generated by the interaction of international units is introduced in this paper as the independent variable to explain the mechanism of"American hegemonic intervention"and also to analyze the essence of its behavior.Two structural contradictions-U.S.-Latin America relations and China-U.S.relations-interweave with the U.S."interests of hegemonic maintenance",thus triggering intervention which may endanger peace and stability across the Taiwan Strait and does not help solve the issue of Taiwan participating in international activities.