数字人文视阈下的比较文学可视化研究

A Study of the Visualization of Comparative Literature from the Perspective of Digital Humanities

随着大数据技术的不断扩展,数据技术与人文学科的深度交流催生数字人文的诞生。比较文学在长期发展中主要采用定性研究方法,较少使用定量方法。大数据技术支撑下,数字人文在比较文学中应用的可能性已得到充分的验证,数据分析、可视化等方法的引入将为研究提供新的视角。鉴于此,可引入数字人文对比较文学领域展开研究,对研究主题、研究人员、研究机构、研究成果进行分析,并以可视化方法展示结果。研究结果表明:比较文学领域研究主题呈现大致以文学翻译、现代主义、比较研究为三大核心领域扩展延伸;研究热点以比较文学这一主题为发轫,文本批评、互文性、民族主义、文学融合等系列新热点以时间线性方式逐步演化产生;领域作者之间关系紧密,具有明确的核心作者群;重要文献具有不断突破欧洲中心主义、侧重翻译与世界文学的特点;国际力量上,重镇仍在美国,同时波兰、罗马尼亚、斯洛伐克等新兴国家也发展迅速;国际合作上,美国、中国、巴西国际合作态势明显,新兴研究国家仍主要以国内作者合作为主。

With the continuous expansion of big data technology,the in-depth exchange of data technology and humanities has given birth to digital humanities.Comparative literature mainly uses qualitative research methods and rarely utilizes quantitative methods.The possibility of applying digital humanities in comparative literature has been fully verified,and the application of new methods will provide new perspectives for research.In view of this,digital humanities can be introduced to research in the field of comparative literature.The research results show that:the presentation of research topics in the field of comparative literature broadly extends from the three core areas,and a series of new hotspots,such as fusion,have gradually evolved in a linear manner over time;authors in the field are closely related and have a clear core author group;the major documents are characterized by their focus on translation and world literature;the U.S.has the strongest research capacity,and emerging countries,such as Poland,Romania and Slovakia,are also developing rapidly;and the U.S.,China and Brazil exhibit obvious trends towards international cooperation,while emerging countries remain reliant on domestic author cooperation.