2019年4—10月我国主要暴雨天气过程简述

Major heavy rainfall events in China from April to October in 2019

利用中国大陆2400多站日降水资料(08—08时)和常规天气图资料,以1981—2010年30 a平均降水量为气候态,统计2019年4—10月我国主要暴雨天气过程,概述各主要暴雨过程的重要影响系统、出现时段、范围及累积降水量。结果表明:2019年我国汛期暴雨过程基本接近常年。4—10月共出现188个暴雨日,与近11 a同期平均日数持平;35次主要暴雨过程也与近11 a同期平均相差无几。2019年4—10月我国共出现27站次特大暴雨,主要出现在35次主要暴雨过程之中,其中有17站次系登陆台风影响所致。第1909号台风“利奇马”(Lekima)8月10—11日两天之内共造成13站特大暴雨,8月10日浙江温岭出现年内最大日降水量379.5 mm。5月24—30日,广东阳江出现该年汛期过程最大累积降水量791.2 mm。2019年4—10月共有6个热带气旋登陆我国,其中有5个热带气旋造成主要暴雨天气过程,除“利奇马”超强台风外,其余登陆台风强度整体偏弱。

Based on 2400 daily precipitation data in China's Mainland and operational synoptic charts,the major heavy rainfall events hap⁃pened in China from April to October in 2019 were selected by comparing their precipitation with the average precipitation from 1981 to 2010.The main synoptic systems,rainfall period,rainfall area and accumulative amount of precipitation of these events was summarized.Re⁃sults indicated that there were 188 heavy rainfall days and 35 major heavy rainfall events during the study period,they were same to 11 years during the same period.There were 27 heavy rainstorms occurred in China from April to October,they main happened in the 35 major heavy rainfall events and 17 heavy rainstorms caused by typhoon.There were 13 heavy rainstorms caused from 10 to11 August,and the maximum daily precipitation was 379.5 mm,which occurred at Wenling station of Zhejiang province on 10th August in 2019 caused by No.1909 ty⁃phoon Lekima.The maximum accumulative precipitation was 791.2 mm,which occurred at Yangjiang station of Guangdong province from 24th to 30th May in 2019.There were 6 typhoon landfalls in China,and there were 5 heavy rainfall events caused by typhoon.The overall in⁃tensity of landing typhoons were weak comparing to normal except super typhoon Lekima.