嵌合抗原受体T细胞免疫疗法的研究进展

Research advances in chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells therapy

嵌合抗原受体T(CAR-T)细胞是经基因工程修饰后表达靶向肿瘤细胞CAR分子的T细胞。CAR-T细胞治疗在血液肿瘤治疗中展现了显著的疗效而备受关注,是一种新的肿瘤免疫疗法。目前,CAR-T细胞治疗在实体瘤治疗中还面临着很大的挑战。而且,在临床应用的过程中仍会出现一些不良反应,如细胞因子释放综合征、神经毒性、归巢障碍、溶瘤综合征及脱靶效应等。本文就CAR-T疗法的基本原理及临床应用与不良反应展开做一综述。

Chimeric antigen receptor-modified T(CAR-T)cells are genetically engineered T cells to express CAR molecules targeting specific surface antigens on tumor cells.CAR-T cell therapy,a novel cancer immunotherapy,has attracted much attention since it had exhibited dramatic efficacy in the treatment of hematological tumors in clinic.At present,CAR-T cell therapy still faces great challenges in the treatment of solid tumors.Furthermore,some side effects can be found in the clinical application,such as cytokine release syndrome,neurotoxicity,homing disorder,tumor lysis syndrome and on target off tumor toxicity.This review will focus on some main aspects about CAR-T cells,including the principle,clinical application and adverse events of this therapy.