上舰女军人情感与行为胜任特征研究及培养对策

Emotional and behavioral competence characteristics of Chinese female military personnel working onboard warships and training measures

目的构建上舰女军人情感与行为胜任特征模型,探讨相应培养对策。方法选择某2艘舰艇各岗位与战位的男舰员共381名作为调查对象,同时选择该2艘舰上的女军人共80名作为研究对象,采用开放式及结构式问卷调查、个别访谈、统计学建模、专家论证等方法构建与检验上舰女军人情感与行为胜任特征模型。结果根据开放式调查问卷结果排序获得上舰女军人应具备38项情感与行为胜任特征,经聚类分析得到初步4维度模型,专家论证后对初步4维度模型进行了调整。一致性检验显示,经专家论证后确定的4维度模型与初步4维度模型的拟合度差异无统计学意义(χ^2=6.001,P>0.05)。结论上舰女军人情感与行为胜任特征模型由稳重完美、外向活泼、平易和平、果敢力量型4种类型组成,每一种类型都有与其相适应的岗位或战位;模型效度符合心理测量学标准,基于模型提出了相应的培养对策,为上舰女军人情感与行为胜任特征的选拔与培养提供了理论依据。

Objective To establish an emotional and behavioral characteristics model of Chinses female military personnel deployed on naval vessels,and to explore the corresponding training measures.Methods A total of 381 male officers and sailors from two naval warships were chosen as respondents,and 80 female officers and sailors from the same two warships were chosen as research objects.This study included open and structured questionnaires,individual interview,statistical modeling,and expert discussion to establish and test the emotional and behavioral competence characteristics model of Chinese female military personnel working onboard warships.Results According to the results of the open questionnaire,38 emotional and behavioral characteristics of the female military personnel were obtained.A preliminary 4-dimensional model was established after the cluster analysis,and then the model was modified and finalized by the expert discussion.The consistency test showed that there was no significant difference of the fitting degree between the 4-dimensional model finalized by experts and the initial 4-dimensional model(χ^2=6.001,P>0.05).Conclusion The emotional and behavioral characteristics model of Chinese female military personnel working onboard warships consists of 4 dimensions,namely,prudent and perfectionistic,outgoing and vigorous,amiable and moderate,and resolute and powerful.The female officer/sailor of any of these four dimensions has her own fitted post or battle station onboard.The validity of the model conforms to the psychometric standard.Based on this model,the corresponding training measures have been put forward.This study provides a theoretical basis for the selection and training of female military personnel working onboard warships with different emotional and behavioral characteristics.