电加工技术对组织工程研究进展的贡献

Contribution of electrofabrication technology to the progress of tissue engineering research

背景:电加工技术拓宽了生物医用材料的结构、性能及应用,通过优选材料和调控结构可构建出更符合人体生理环境的组织工程支架材料,对推动组织工程和再生医学具有重大意义。目的:综述电加工技术在组织工程中的研究进展。方法:以"tissue engineering scaffold,electrodeposition,electrofabrication,electrogelation,bioprinting,biomedical materials,biopolymers"等为英文检索词,检索Web of Science核心合集、MEDLINE等数据库,根据纳入与排除标准对文章进行筛选后保留相关性较高的文章进行综述。结果与结论:电加工技术可以通过精确的空间、时间和定量控制来施加电信号,调控材料孔隙或分层结构,从而快速可控地构建具有复杂微观结构的功能化组织工程支架,且制备过程不引入有机溶剂或其他生物毒性物质。尽管电加工方法在生物材料制备领域有了众多研究成果,但对于电加工参数如何影响材料结构和沉积动力学等方面的研究较少,仍需要进一步的理论和建模工作来深入理解电加工所涉及的机制。

BACKGROUND: Electrofabrication has broadened the structure, performance, and applications of biomedical materials. Through selecting appropriate materials and optimizing structures, tissue engineering scaffolds that conform to human physiological environment can be constructed, which is of considerable significance to promote the development of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress of electrofabrication technology in tissue engineering.METHODS: Web of Science Core Collection and MEDLINE databases were searched for relevant articles with the search terms "tissue engineering scaffold, electrodeposition, electrofabrication, electrogelation, bioprinting, biomedical materials, biopolymers" in English. After screening articles based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, articles with higher relevance were retained for review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Electrofabrication can apply electrical signals to regulate material pores or layered structures through precise spatial, temporal and quantitative control, can quickly and controllably construct functional tissue engineering scaffold materials with complicated microstructures, but without the introduction of organic solvents or other biotoxic substances during the processing. Although there have been many research results on the electrofabrication of biological materials, there are few studies on how the electrofabrication parameters affect the material structure and deposition dynamics, and further theoretical and modeling work is needed to understand the mechanism involved in electrofabrication.