和田绿洲沙尘暴强度及其影响因子分析——以墨玉县为例

Dust storm intensity and its influencing factors in Hetian Oasis:taking Moyu County as a case

以和田绿洲西北部的墨玉县为研究区域,对该地区2016—2018年发生的沙尘暴天气资料以及气象因子(气温、风速、湿度、气压、水汽压、日照时数)和大气污染物(PM 2.5、PM 10、SO 2、NO 2、CO、O 3)进行分析。结果表明,墨玉县沙尘暴天气主要发生在春夏季(3—8月),平均占全年发生频率的77.12%。墨玉县沙尘暴强度主要由气象因子决定,特别是气温、风速、日照时数和湿度。沙尘暴强度与大气颗粒物(PM 10和PM 2.5)存在着明显的间接关系,主要因为两者均受风速影响较大,沙尘暴强度越大,大气中PM 10和PM 2.5浓度越高。沙尘暴强度与SO 2、NO 2、CO、O 3等大气污染物的关系非常微弱,但O 3与沙尘暴的形成季节比较一致。

Moyu County in the northwest of Hetian Oasis was taken as the study area.The dust storm monitoring data from 2016 to 2018,together with meteorological factors(temperature,wind velocity,humidity,air pressure,water pressure and sunshine hour)and atmoshperic pollutants(PM 2.5,PM 10,SO 2,NO 2,CO and O 3)were analyzed.Results showed that the dust storm in Moyu County mainly occurred in spring and summer(from March to August),accounting for 77.12%of the annual frequency on average.The dust storm intensity in Moyu County was mainly determined by meteorological factors like temperature,wind velocity,sunshine hour and humidity.The dust storm intensity had great indirect relationship with atmospheric particles(PM 2.5 and PM 10)since they were all influenced by wind velocity.It was showed that the higher the dust storm intensity,the higher PM 2.5 and PM 10 concentrations.The dust storm intensity had little relationship with SO 2,NO 2,CO and O 3.But the pollution of O 3 and dust storm usually appeared at the same season.