美国臭氧污染的科学认识与防控历程

Scientific understanding of ozone pollution and history of its control in the United States

基于中国臭氧污染的严峻形势,阐述了美国臭氧污染的起因、科学认识过程、管控措施及法律法规的框架体系。结果表明,美国通过科学研究锁定影响臭氧污染的关键问题,由单一管控挥发性有机物(VOCs)逐步过渡至VOCs和NO x协同控制,由局部管控过渡至区域联防联控,并取得了显著效果。1980—2018年,美国臭氧浓度下降了31.0%。美国臭氧污染的防控历程有望为中国臭氧污染的防控研究和政策实施提供借鉴。

Based on the severe situation of ozone pollution in China,the causes of ozone pollution,process of scientific understanding,objects of ozone control as well as the framework of related laws and regulations in the United States were comprehensively studied.The results showed that the key issues affecting ozone pollution in the United States were discerned through scientific researches.There were two main transition,one transition from control of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)to coordinated control of VOCs and NO x gradually,another transition from local control to regional control.Bases on these efforts,remarkable results had been achieved.From 1980 to 2018,ozone concentration in the United States had decreased by 31.0%.By studying the scientific understanding and control process of ozone pollution in the United States,a reference for ozone pollution prevention and control in China could be provided.