浅层滞缓流水体富营养化成因与防控策略

Eutrophication and algae bloom in shallow stagnant water bodies:Causes and control strategies

大多数的浅层湖泊、水库以及景观水体流动更新慢、滞留时间长,可称之为浅层滞缓流水体.这类水体水动力条件差,自净能力弱,整个水体光照充足、夏秋季水温高,且风力混合易导致底泥中营养盐释放,因此在适当的气象条件下易发生富营养化和藻类爆发问题,给城市环境和居民健康造成严重影响.本文从浅层滞缓流水体的水动力特征出发,分析了其水质恶化原因和常用的水质污染控制技术,提出了营养盐削减与藻类控制相结合、原位控制与异位削减协同的防控思路,为浅层滞缓流水体富营养化控制和水质安全保障提供了思路.

Shallow stagnant water bodies refer to shallow lakes,reservoirs and landscape water bodies in which the water flow rate is slow and the hydraulic retention time is long.These shallow stagnant waters are characterized by poor hydrodynamic condition,weak self-purification capability,sufficient sunlight and high temperature in summer and autumn in all depth.Moreover,wind-induced mixing tends to promote release of nutrients from sediments.Therefore,algae blooms are prone to occur in these shallow stagnant waters under appropriate meteorological condition,which would impose a serious impact on urban environment and people’s health.Based on the hydraulic characteristics of shallow stagnant water bodies,this paper analyzes the cause of water quality deterioration and common techniques for remediation of these water bodies.A prevention and control strategy of the combination of nutrients reduction and algae control is proposed,and future research directions are highlighted.