全球疫情冲击背景下美国对华“脱钩”战略与应对

The U.S.De-coupling Strategy against China and Its Counter Measures under the Global Shock of COVID-19

在新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情的催化下,美国加速对华“脱钩”的趋势愈发明显。特朗普政府急于转移国内矛盾和施政压力,是美国加速对华“脱钩”的直接原因。美国加速对华“脱钩”表现为借助抗击疫情的“污名化”推动对华“信息战”升级、以维护国家安全名义加速对华投资“脱钩”、遏制中国高科技产业发展以加速对华科技“脱钩”,以及酝酿和实施旨在推动中美金融“脱钩”的制裁措施。中国崛起与美国基于单极思维的国家安全战略发生的内在冲突,是美国急于通过“脱钩”打压和遏制中国的根本原因。近期,美国对华施压策略出现了三个比较明显的变化。美国加速对华“脱钩”使得中国短期内在关键行业和领域可能陷入被动,中国的外向型经济增长方式面临转型升级的压力,而中囯也将在人权和意识形态等领域持续面对美国的施压。中国需要在战略层面和战术层面,做好充分应对美国竞争性对华政策的准备。现阶段,中国应以率先复工复产为前提、以持续自主创新为基础、以深化区域合作为依托、以推动互利共赢为手段。长远来看,中国只有进一步融入全球经济,才能从根本上避免被美国边缘化的风险。

Under the catalysis of the global public health crisis f the trend of the United States accelerating its conscious de-coupling from China has become appaxent increasingly.Trump administration'eagerness to divert domestic conflicts and pressures is the direct reason of the de-coupling.It has been manifested in the facts that the U.S.government stigmatized China's fight against the epidemic to promote an escalation of the information war against China,accelerated investment de-coupling with China in the name of national security f curbed the development of China high-tech industry to achieve technology de-coupling,and implemented sanctions aiming at Sino-U-S.financial de-coupling.The inherent conflict between China's rise and the U.S.national security strategy which is bsised on unipolar thinking is the fundamental cause of the U.S.suppressing China.Recently,there have been three obvious changes in the U.S,pressure on China.The accelerated de-coupling has put China in a dilemma upon key industries and fields in short term.China's export-oriented mode of economic growth faces pressure for transformation and upgrading.Furthermore,the U.S.will continue press Chi­na in areas such as human rights and ideology.To be fiiUy prepared for the U.S.competitive strategy,China has to act at both strategic and tactical lev-ek.Currendy,China should take the lead in resuming production and production,keep on continuous independent innovation,deepen regional coopera­tion, and promote mutual benefit and win-win outcome.In the long run,only by integrating deeply into world economy,can China avoid the risk of being marginalized by the U.S.