全程规范化健康教育应用于妊娠期糖尿病患者中的效果分析

Analysis of the Effect of Standardized Health Education in the Whole Process on Gestational Diabetes

目的探讨全程规范化健康教育应用于妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者中的效果。方法选择2016年1月—2019年4月该中心孕产妇保健门诊随访的120例GDM患者作为研究对象,以随机数字表法将其分为对照组与研究组,各60例。对照组采取常规妇幼保健健康指导,研究组在此基础上实施全程规范化健康教育。对比两组干预前后血糖水平的变化,以及妊娠与围生儿结局。结果干预后,研究组空腹血糖(4.7±0.5)mmol/L、餐后2 h血糖(5.3±0.5)mmol/L与糖化血红蛋白(6.1±1.0)%低于对照组(5.4±0.2)mmol/L、(6.3±0.4)mmol/L、(7.0±1.2)%,差异有统计学意义(t=10.069、12.097、2.975,P<0.01);羊水过多5.00%、早产3.33%、妊娠高血压1.67%、产后出血0.00%低于对照组18.33%、13.33%、11.67%、10.00%,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=5.175、3.927、4.821、6.315,P<0.05);巨大儿3.33%、新生儿高胆红素血症0.00%、新生儿低血糖1.67%低于对照组13.33%、10.00%、11.67%,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=3.927、6.316、4.821,P<0.05)。结论全程规范化健康教育可以有效改善GDM患者的血糖水平,保障母婴健康。

Objective To explore the effect of full-scale standardized health education in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods From January 2016 to April 2019,120 GDM patients who were followed up in the center's maternal health clinic were selected as the research object,and they were divided into a control group and a research group by random number table method,with 60 cases in each group.The control group adopted routine maternal and child health guidance,and the research group implemented standardized health education throughout the process.Compare the changes of blood glucose levels before and after intervention between the two groups,and the outcomes of pregnancy and perinatal.Results After intervention,the fasting blood glucose(4.7±0.5)mmol/L,2 h postprandial blood glucose(5.3±0.5)mmol/L and glycated hemoglobin(6.1±1.0)%in the study group were lower than the control group(5.4±0.2)mmol/L,(6.3±0.4)mmol/L,(7.0±1.2)%,the difference was statistically significant(t=10.069,12.097,2.975,P<0.01);polyhydramnios 5.00%,premature delivery 3.33%,pregnancy hypertension 1.67%,postpartum hemorrhage 0.00%,lower than the control group 18.33%,13.33%,11.67%,10.00%,the difference was statistically significant(χ^2=5.175,3.927,4.821,6.315,P<0.05);3.33%of giant children,neonatal hyperbilirubinemia 0.00%,newborns Hypoglycemia 1.67%was lower than the control group 13.33%,10.00%,11.67%,the difference was statistically significant(χ^2=3.927,6.316,4.821,P<0.05).Conclusion Whole-course standardized health education can effectively improve the blood sugar level of patients with GDM and protect the health of mothers and infants.