渔业绿色效率研究评述与展望

Review and prospect of fishery green efficiency research

随着渔业经济快速发展,由于不规范的养殖生产操作,产生一些养殖废水或残饵等物质,给水域环境带来一定的负面影响,超负荷的捕捞作业使野生水产资源呈现衰退迹象,绿色发展成为渔业转型升级的必然选择。国外研究渔业生产效率主要从全要素生产率(TFP)和技术效率(TE)层面进行,采用的估算方法主要为DEA和SFA。国内研究农业等领域绿色效率的文献较完善,渔业作为大农业的组成部分,绿色指标体系的建立可以参考农业领域的原则和标准。存在渔业绿色效率文献较少、绿色指标不完善、研究层面较局限、缺少对策建议等问题。提出重视渔业绿色发展、筛选绿色指标、明确发展方向、完善相关政策等建议,以期为完善我国渔业绿色效率研究提供有价值的资料。

With the rapid development of the fishery economy, due to non-standard aquaculture production practices, some waste water or bait and other substances are produced, which have a certain negative impact on the water environment. Overloaded fishing operations make the wild aquatic resources show signs of decline, and green development has become the inevitable choice for the transformation and upgrading of fishery. Foreign research on fishery production efficiency is mainly carried out from the perspective of total factor productivity(TFP) and technical efficiency(TE). The estimation methods used are mainly DEA and SFA. The domestic literature on green efficiency in agriculture and other fields is relatively perfect. Fishery as a part of agriculture, the establishment of green index system can refer to the principles and standards in the field of agriculture. There are some problems in fishery green efficiency, such as few literatures on fishery green efficiency, imperfect green indicators, relatively limited research level, and lack of countermeasures and suggestions. Some Suggestions such as attaching importance to the green development of fishery, screening green indicators, defining development direction and perfecting relevant policies are put forward in order to provide valuable information for the research on the green efficiency of fishery in China.