自尊在大学生社会支持和负性情绪关系中的中介作用

The mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between social support and negative emotions in college students

目的探讨社会支持、自尊与负性情绪之间的关系,揭示自尊在社会支持与负性情绪间的中介作用。方法采用自尊量表(SES)、社会支持量表(PSSS)、抑郁-焦虑-压力自评量表(DASS-21)对4208名大学生进行问卷调查。结果①PSSS得分和DASS-21三维度得分均在不同性别、年级、家庭居住地、学习成绩及家庭经济状况间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),SES得分在不同年级、家庭居住地、学习成绩和家庭经济状况间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。②社会支持与自尊呈显著正相关(P<0.05),社会支持、自尊与负性情绪呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。③Bootstrap检验显示:自尊在社会支持与抑郁、焦虑及压力负性情绪之间的中介效应分别为-0.18、-0.16、-0.15,分别占总效应的52.94%、57.14%、55.56%。结论自尊是大学生社会支持与负性情绪间的中介变量,社会支持主要通过自尊间接作用于负性情绪。

Objective To explore the relationship between social support,self-esteem and negative emotions,and assess the potential mediating role of self-esteem between social support and negative emotions. Methods Three self-completion questionnaires–the Self-Esteem Scale,the Perceived Social Support Scale,and the Depression Anxiety and Stress Self-Assessment Scale –were completed by 4208 college students. Results ① PSSS total score and DASS-21 three subscale scores were significantly different by among different genders,academic year,location of family residence,academic performance and family economic status(P<0.05). SES total score was significantly different among different academic year,location of family residence,academic performance and family economic status(P<0.05). ② Social support was positively correlated with self-esteem(P<0.05),and both social support and selfesteem were negatively correlated with negative emotions. ③ Bootstrap analysis showed that the estimated mediating effect of self-esteem between social support and the depression,anxiety and stress subscale scores were-0.18,-0.16 and-0.15,respectively,accounting for52.94%,57.14% and 55.56% of the total effects. Conclusion Self-esteem plays an intermediary role between social support and negative emotions in college students,and social support mainly affects negative emotions through indirect action of self-esteem.