黑龙江省马铃薯氮肥适宜用量研究

Study on Appropriate Amount of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Potato in Heilongjiang Province

为促进黑龙江省马铃薯产业发展,2017-2018年分别在黑龙江省马铃薯主产区克山县和赵光农场进行马铃薯氮肥用量定位试验。设置养分专家系统推荐施肥处理(NE),在NE处理的基础上,不施氮肥处理(NE-N)、减少氮肥50%处理(NE-50%N)、减少氮肥25%处理(NE-25%N)、增加氮肥25%处理(NE+25%N)和增加氮肥50%处理(NE+50%N),研究不同施氮量处理对马铃薯产量、养分回收率以及经济效益的影响。结果表明:养分专家系统推荐施肥处理(NE)的氮肥回收率和农学效率均高于其他的氮肥处理。初步得出在黑龙江省马铃薯主产区氮肥的适宜用量为175~201 kg·hm^-2。

In order to promote potato production in Heilongjiang Province,this study was carried out to determine the amount of nitrogen fertilizer for potatoes in Keshan county and Zhaoguang farm,the main potato producing areas in Heilongjiang Province,from 2017 to 2018.The nutrient expert system was set up to recommend fertilization treatment(NE).On the basis of NE treatment,we set up other four nitrogen treatments including no nitrogen fertilizer was applied(NE-N),50%nitrogen fertilizer was reduced(NE-50%N),25%nitrogen fertilizer was reduced(NE-25%N),25%nitrogen fertilizer was increased(NE+25%N),and 50%nitrogen fertilizer was increased(NE+50%N),the aim was to study the effects of different nitrogen treatments on potato yield,nutrient recovery and economic benefits.The results of two years′average showed that the nitrogen recovery rate and agronomic efficiency of the optimized fertilizer treatment were higher than those of other nitrogen treatments.According to the preliminary results of this study,the appropriate nitrogen fertilizer amount in the potato production areas of Heilongjiang Province was 175-201 kg·hm^-2,based on the effects of different nitrogen application rates on yield and efficiency,nitrogen recovery rate and agronomic efficiency.