梨不同品种避雨栽培的经济效益调查

Investigation and Analysis of Economic Benefits of Different Pear Varieties in Rain-shelter Cultivation

为了给梨生产者从经济效益层面是否选择避雨栽培提供依据,对不同梨品种类型常年避雨栽培经济效益差异展开调查分析,结果表明:供调查梨品种避雨栽培净利润表现不一,与露地栽培相比,3个易发生早期落叶的早熟梨品种均有增加,其中‘翠玉’、‘新玉’2个早熟梨新品种相当于露地栽培的3.71倍和3.85倍,当地主栽早熟梨品种‘翠冠’仅增加19.63%,相当于‘翠玉’、‘新玉’的9.37%和17.12%;中熟梨新品种‘晚翠’缩减16.06%,当地主栽中熟梨品种‘黄花’缩减1.93倍。由此可见,梨避雨栽培以选择市场价位高、发展潜力大,但又易发生早期落叶早熟梨新品种为宜,不易发生早期落叶中熟梨品种,特别是种植规模较大的主栽品种以选择露地栽培为宜。

In order to provide a basis for pear producers to choose rain-shelter cultivation from the perspective of economic benefits,the differences in economic benefits of different types of pear varieties in rain-shelter cultivation were investigated and analyzed.The result showed that there were differences in the net profit of the test pear varieties.Compared with the open field cultivation,the net profiles of the three early-maturing pear varieties prone to early-defoliation have increased under rain-shelter cultivation.Among them,the net profiles of varieties‘Cuiyu’and‘Xinyu’were equivalent to 3.71 and 3.85 times than that of open field cultivation.The pear variety‘Cuiguan’only increased by 19.63%,which was equivalent to 9.37%and 17.12%of‘Cuiyu’and‘Xinyu’.The mid-maturing variety‘Wancui’decreased by 16.06%,and the local mid-maturing variety‘Huanghua’reduced by 1.93 times.Therefore,rain-shelter cultivation was better to choose new pear varieties with high market price and large development potential which were prone to early-defoliation and early-maturing pear varieties.The mid-maturing pear varieties that were not prone to early-defoliation were appropriate to choose open field cultivation.