基于语料库的“~哒”实证分析

An Empirical Analysis of Mandarin“-da”(~哒)Based on Corpus Search Statistics

北京语言大学的BCC汉语语料库,是目前能较为全面地反映当今社会语言生活的大规模语料库之一。本文以BCC语料库为研究基础,对"~哒"进行了实证分析。从语体分布上看,"~哒"主要分布在微博等网络语体中,借助于网络平台,"~哒"具有了超强的传播能力。从构式组合上看,"~哒"具有极强的构式组合能力。从语义类型上分析,"哒"具有拟声词义和合音语气词义,又以合音语气词的"哒"占多数。论文还对最为流行的"叠词+哒"做了语用成因的阐释,主要是受语言内部机制的作用和社会文化心理的影响。

It is generally assumed that the BCC Corpus(BLCU Chinese Corpus)is a large-scale balanced corpus,and thus can reliably record the current state and various aspects of Mandarin Chinese so far.This paper conducts an empirical analysis of Mandarin"-da"(~哒)based on the BCC Corpus.First,as for"-da"(~哒)’s distribution in terms of the language style,"-da"(~哒)prefers to appear in the network styles such as Weibo,and therefore is easily spread to be a meme.Second,from the perspective of its construction components,"-da"(~哒)is extremely productive,which makes the combinations have been developed and accepted well.Semantically speaking,"-da"(~哒)presents the onomatopoeic reading,as well as shares some similar meaning with the compound syllable particles,where the reading as a compound syllable particle is preferred.Last,we also explore the pragmatic factors of the combinations like[reduplicated word+da],which is mainly shaped by language mechanism as well as social and cultural psychology.