海外孔子学院跨文化意识培养模式研究——以美国乔治梅森大学孔子学院为例

Research on Intercultural Awareness Training Modes at Overseas Confucius Institutes——A Case Study of the Confucius Institute at George Mason University in the United States

跨文化意识指的是理解和承认文化差异的能力。它是跨文化交际能力形成过程中起着决定作用的因素,影响着人们对思维与行动等文化习惯的理解。本文以美国乔治梅森大学孔子学院为例,提出了海外孔子学院跨文化意识培养的三种模式:即以汉语课为依托的汉语教学中渗透式跨文化意识培养模式,以文化活动为依托的体验式跨文化意识培养模式,以教师工作坊为依托的本土教师案例式跨文化意识培养模式。三者既各有特色,又相互依托,相辅相成。跨文化意识的形成都遵循了了解——尊重——参与体验——理解——移情——适应——欣赏/客观评价的过程。

Intercultural awareness refers to the ability to understand and recognize cultural differences.It is a decisive factor in the formation of intercultural communicative competence and influences the understanding of cultural habits such as thinking and behavior.Taking the Confucius Institute at George Mason University in the United States as an example for a case study,this paper proposes the three modes of intercultural awareness training at overseas Confucius Institutes,namely,an immersive mode of intercultural awareness training in Chinese lessons,an experiential mode of intercultural awareness training in cultural activities and a case-based mode of intercultural awareness training in local teacher training workshops.Each of the three modes possesses its own characteristics,but also relies on and complements each other.The formation of intercultural awareness in the three modes all follows the process of getting to know-respecting-participating to experience-understanding-empathizing-adapting-appreciating/objectively evaluating.