延安新华书店书报出版发行与读者服务工作(1937~1947)

Publishing and Distribution of Books and Newspapers and Reader Service in Yan’an Xinhua Bookstore from 1937 to 1947

延安新华书店创建于1937年5月,在延安设有总店,在陕甘宁边区各县设有分店,并在基层设代销处、邮购代办户等,从而形成书报杂志“发行网”。在自成立至1947年的十年间,延安新华书店的出版发行事业日益发展,出版物种类越来越多,发行数量和范围越来越大。但书店的出版发行尚未普及,通俗读物供不应求,仍不能满足工农兵对精神食粮的需求。为了更好地服务读者,新华书店在书报发行中废除了赠送制,实行购买制,使书报发行“事业化”,特别是“书报下乡”的实行,使书报发行接近工农兵,从而有力地配合了“文化下乡”。其历史启示是:只有以服务读者为宗旨,走群众路线,才能搞好书报的出版发行工作。

Yan’an Xinhua Bookstore was founded in May 1937.It has a head office in Yan’an and branch stores in all counties in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region.It has also set up sales offices and mail order agencies at the grassroot level,thus forming a“distribution network”for books,newspapers and magazines.During the ten years from its establishment to 1947,Yan’an Xinhua Bookstore’s publishing and distribution business developed day by day,with more and more kinds of publications and more and more quantity and scope of distribution.However,the publishing and distribution of bookstores had not yet been popularized,and the demand for popular reading materials was short,which still cannot meet the needs of workers,peasants and soldiers for spiritual food.In order to better serve readers,Xinhua Bookstore abolished the system of giving away books and newspapers and implemented the system of purchasing,making the distribution of books and newspapers“professional”,especially the implementation of“books and newspapers to the countryside”,making the distribution of books and newspapers close to that of workers,peasants and soldiers,thus effectively matching the“culture to the countryside”.The historical revelation is that only by serving readers and following the mass line can we do a good job in publishing books and newspapers.