抗BmNPV家蚕新品种粤蚕11号的育成

Breeding of A New Silkworm Variety Yuecan No.11 Resistant to BmNPV

【目的】选育适于广东蚕区饲养的抗BmNPV家蚕新品种,为BmNPV病易发季节提供稳产性能好的家蚕品种。【方法】通过累代病原胁迫、航空诱变的方法创制抗性家蚕种质,再采用杂交与系统选育的方法,分别育成中系品种和日系品种,在此基础上进行中·中×日·日四元杂交组合的组配,以广东省现行家蚕品种两广二号为对照,进行实验室品比、抗BmNPV能力检测和连续2年的实验室共同鉴定、农村生产鉴定。【结果】育成中系家蚕品种芙抗、春5N和日系家蚕品种航7、7532N,并组配获得四元杂交组合芙抗·春5N×航7·7532N,命名为粤蚕11号。该品种对BmNPV的抗性极显著高于对照,在实验室共同鉴定试验中的综合表现为:龄期经过与对照品种两广二号相当,生命力强,虫蛹率97.58%,全茧量1.712 g,茧层量0.369 g,茧层率21.55%,万蚕收茧量16.874 kg、万蚕茧层量3.636 kg,一粒茧丝长942 m、解舒率80.15%,茧丝纤度2.568 dtex、净度93.5分。【结论】粤蚕11号发育、眠起齐一,对BmNPV具较强抗性,产量高,茧丝质优良,是一个易繁易养、综合性状优良的家蚕新品种,于2019年10月通过广东省农作物新品种鉴定,适宜在广东蚕区全年饲养。

【Objective】The selection of new BmNPV resistant silkworm varieties suitable for breeding in Guangdong sericultural areas will provide excellent varieties for stable production in rearing season subjected to BmNPV.【Method】The resistant silkworm germplasms were created by successive generation of pathogen stress and space mutagenesis, and then Chinese varieties and Japanese varieties were bred by means of hybridization and systematic breeding. On this basis, the combination of the quaternary hybrid of Chinese strain·Chinese strain× Japanese strain·Japanese strain was carried out. Taking the current silkworm variety Liangguangerhao in Guangdong Province as the control, the laboratory comparison, the resistance test to BmNPV, the laboratory joint identification for two consecutive years and the rural production identification were carried out.【Result】Chinese varieties Fukang and Chun 5N as well as the Japanese varieties Hang 7 and 7532N were bred, and the quaternary hybrid combination Fukang·Chun 5N × Hang 7·7532N was formed, named Yuecan No.11. The resistance of this variety to BmNPV was significantly higher than that of the control. In the laboratory joint identification test, the comprehensive performance was as follows: Yuecan No.11 had the same duration as Liangguangerhao, with strong vitality, larva-pupa rate of 97.58%, cocoon weight of 1.712 g, cocoon shell weight of 0.369 g, cocoon shell rate of 21.55%, cocoon weight per 10 000 larvae of 16.874 kg, cocoon shell weight per 10 000 larvae of 3.636 kg, single cocoon filament length of 942 m, reelability of 80.15%, filament size of 2 568 dtex and neatness of 93.5 points.【Conclusion】The silkworms of Yuecan No. 11 grow and develop uniformly with strong resistance to BmNPV, with high cocoon yield and excellent silk quality. The new silkworm variety is easy to reproduce and bred with good comprehensive characters. It passed the identification of new varieties of crops in Guangdong Province in October 2019, and is suitable for breeding in sericultural areas of Guangdong Province all year round.