中国黄耆属1种新归化植物——鹰嘴黄耆

A newly naturalized species of Astragalus L.in China——Astragalus cicer L.

根据2019年出版的《中国归化植物名录》和该书成稿后的其他文献,中国至今尚无豆科(Leguminosae)黄耆属(Astragalus L.)植物的归化记录.于2017年在辽宁省朝阳市大凌河支流石家河套与大凌河的汇合处首次发现1种黄耆属未知植物的多个野生居群,沿河两岸分布.后经多方考证鉴定,确认为鹰嘴黄耆(Astragalus cicer L.).其在此地不仅长势良好,而且开花、结实,说明已完全归化.鹰嘴黄耆属于豆科黄耆属,是多年生草本,原产于欧洲和亚洲西南部,作为一种优良牧草和水土保持植物,我国自20世纪70年代初起,在北京、辽宁等地引进试种,但未见任何植物志收录,也未见任何资料对其引种风险做过评估.不仅描述了鹰嘴黄耆的形态特征和生物学特性,而且分析了可能的归化途径和入侵风险,以期为该种在中国的归化和入侵研究提供基础依据.

According to The Checklist of Naturalized Plants in China published in 2019 and other references,there are no records on naturalized plants of Astragalus L..In 2017,we found several wild populations of Cicer milkvetch(Astragalus cicer L.)in Daling River basin in Chaoyang of Liaoning province.They grew well in the field,blossomed and fruited,indicating its naturalization in China.Cicer milkvetch is native to Europe and southwest Asia,and was introduced in Liaoning and other provinces of China in the early 1970 sas an forage and water and soil conservation plant.However,it has not been recorded in any floras of China and no data have been available to assess its introducing risk.In this paper,we described the morphology,geography,biology and habitats of this species,and analyzed its possible naturalization routes and potential invasive risk in order to provide a basis for a further study.