互联网经济发展对反垄断法调适的影响及应对——以《〈反垄断法〉修订草案(公开征求意见稿)》为视角

The influence and countermeasures of internet economic development on the adjustment of anti-monopoly law——Focusing on the perspective of the revised draft of anti-monopoly law(public consultation draft)

因应互联网新经济业态发展趋势,以《反垄断法》修订为契机健全互联网行业竞争法律体系及规制方法。《〈反垄断法〉修订草案(公开征求意见稿)》虽将“鼓励创新”明确为立法宗旨,但缺乏对互联网行业适用反垄断法的全面解读。同时,拟新增条款将互联网经营者涉嫌滥用市场支配地位行为的考察高度聚焦于网络效应、规模经济、锁定效应、掌握和处理相关数据的能力等因素,缺乏经济学与法学的交叉分析与理论阐释,在一定程度上抑制了多学科多场景下规范解释的不可通约性,致使实践中可能缺乏规范的具体适应性。故此,建议以互联网经营者发展的内在需求与接受的外部监管为立足点,解析网络效应、规模经济、锁定效应、掌握和处理相关数据的能力等因素在网络物理基础、经营者、用户及规则适用四个维度上的具体内涵和适用要件,以此为基础理顺我国对互联网行业适用反垄断法的基本原则、规则及主要方法。

In response to the development trend of the new internet economy,China should take the amendment of the anti-monopoly law as an opportunity to improve the legal system and regulatory methods of the internet industry competition.Although the revised draft of anti-monopoly law(public consultation draft)makes“encouraging innovation”clear as its legislative purpose,it lacks a comprehensive interpretation of the application of anti-monopoly law to the internet industry.At the same time,the new provisions focus the investigation of internet operators’suspected abuse of market dominance on factors such as network effect,scale economy,lock-in effect,ability to master and process relevant data,which lacks cross analysis and theoretical interpretation of economics and law,and to a certain extent,inhibits the incommensurability of normative interpretation under multi-disciplinary and multi scenario,resulting in the incommensurability of normative interpretation and in practice lack of specific adaptability.Therefore,it is suggested to analyze the specific connotation and application elements of network effect,scale economy,lock-in effect,the ability to master and process relevant data in the four dimensions of network physical basis,operator,user and rule application based on the internal demand of internet operator development and the external supervision accepted so as to straighten out the basic principles,rules and main methods of China’s anti-monopoly law.