光纤磁场传感器

Optical fiber magnetic field sensors

磁场传感器作为研究空间环境磁场变化的工具,在军事、工业、导航等多个领域发挥着重要作用。传统电学磁场传感器易受到电磁干扰,光纤传感器由于其抗电磁场干扰、体积小、灵敏度高、长距离传输和多路复用的特点在磁场检测领域更具有优势。近年来,几种光纤磁场传感器已经得到了较好的发展,主要包括基于法拉第效应、磁流体和磁致伸缩材料的三类光纤磁场传感器。本文介绍用于磁场测量的光纤传感技术的进展,分析了不同类型传感器的原理,讨论了每种传感器的优缺点、适用环境以及对光纤磁场传感器的未来展望。

Being the powerful tools to study the spatial magnetic field changes,magnetic field sensors have played an important role in many fields such as military,industry and navigation.Compared with traditional electrical magnetic field sensors,optical fiber sensors have more advantages in the field of magnetic field detection due to the antiel ectromagnetic interference,small sizes,high sensitivity,longdistance transmission and multiplexing characteristics.In recent years,several kinds of optical fiber magnetic field sensors have been well developed,including three kinds based on Faraday effect,magnetic fluid and magnetostrictive functional materials.The development of optical fiber sensing technology for magnetic field measurement is introduce,the principles of different types of sensors is analyzed and the advantages and disadvantages of each type are discussed.Moreover,the conclusions and outlooks of optical fiber magnetic field sensors in the future are summarized.