西秦岭森林生态旅游区不同林分类型土壤水文效应研究——以麦积山风景区为例

Soil Hydrologic Effect of Different Forest Types in the Western Qinling Forest Ecotourism Area——Take Maijishan Scenic Spot as an Example

为揭示麦积山风景区不同林分土壤水文效应,采用环刀法对麦积山风景区5种林分林下土壤持水性进行研究。结果表明:5种典型不同林分类型林地土壤0~30 cm容重平均值范围为1.14~1.48 g·cm3,土壤总孔隙度均值为43.40%~54.86%,其中锐齿栎林最大,油松+锐齿栎林和油松林次之,油松+辽东栎林最小。不同林分林地土壤最大持水量以锐齿栎林(548.56 t·hm-2)最大,油松+辽东栎林(434.02 t·hm-2)最小,说明锐齿栎林土壤持水能力最强。土壤稳渗速率以油松+锐齿栎林最大(1.52 mm·min-1),油松林最小(1.21 mm·min-1)。5种不同林分林下土壤入渗时间和入渗速率存在着较好的幂函数关系。

In order to reveal the soil hydrologic effect of different stands in Maijishan Scenic Spot,the soil water holding capacity of five forest stands in Maijishan Scenic Spot was studied by the method of ring knife.The average soil bulk density of 0-30 cm in five typical forest types range from 1.14-1.48 g·cm-3,and the average soil porosity is from 43.40%to 54.86%,among which Quercus aliena var.acutesrrata forest is the largest,Pinus tabulaeformis+Quercus aliena var.acutesrrata forest and Pinus tabulaeformis forest are the second,Pinus tabulaeformis+Quercus wutaishansea forest is the smallest.The maximum soil water holding capacity of Quercus acutissima forest(548.56 t·hm-2)is the largest,and that of Pinus tabulaeformis+Quercus wutaishanica(434.02 t·hm-2)is the smallest,which indicates that the soil water holding capacity of Quercus acutissima forest is the strongest.The soil infiltration rate of Pinus tabulaeformis+Quercus acutissima is the highest(1.52 mm·min-1),and that of Pinus tabulaeformis is the lowest(1.21 mm·min-1).Regression analysis of soil infiltration time&infiltration rate under five different stands showed that there is a optimal power function relationship between them.