国土空间规划视角下生态空间管制分区的理论思考

Theoretical Thinking on Ecological Space Zoning from the Perspective of Territorial Space Planning

研究目的:揭示生态空间的概念内涵与认知局限,探讨面向国土空间规划的生态空间管制分区优化逻辑。研究方法:文献资料法和归纳演绎法。研究结果:(1)生态空间具有实体、功能、管理等多维属性,蕴含了生态系统服务的多样性、生态空间功能的复合性、生态服务价值的人本性三重内涵;(2)生态空间管制分区的认知存在三方面的局限,即价值取向上难以统筹要素、功能与格局,操作模式上忽略社会文化功能的权衡,实施路径上未能建构分级分类体系;(3)国土空间规划对生态空间管制分区提出了底线保障、精细治理、人本服务三个层次需求;(4)生态空间管制分区可遵循以生态功能为研判依据、生态要素为空间载体、分级分类高效管理为落脚点的理论逻辑,建构以功能权衡、要素统筹、分级分类为次序的实施路径。研究结论:深化生态空间的理论认知,厘清国土空间规划对生态空间管制分区的核心需求,优化生态空间管制分区的理论逻辑与实施路径,才能有效地支撑生态文明新时代的空间治理现代化目标。

The purpose of this paper is to clarify the connotation and research limitations for ecological space zoning and to explore optimized logic of ecological space zoning in territorial space planning.The research methods including literature review and inductive deduction were used.The results reveal that:1)ecological space is characterized by entity,function and management,which includes three connotations,i.e.,the diversity of ecosystem services,the compound of spatial functions,and the humanism of ecosystem services values.2)Limitations of the extant literature concerning ecological space zoning include the imbalances of element,function and management in value orientation,the absence of assessing sociocultural function in measurement,and the failure of establishing hierarchical classification in practical implementation.3)Territorial space planning proposes three demands for ecological space zoning,including baseline space protection,fine management and humanistic service.4)Ecological space zoning should be in light of theoretical logic that regards ecological function as criterion,ecological elements as carrier,and hierarchical classification as management mode.It also should build an implementation approach with function measurement,element co-ordination and hierarchical classification.In conclusion,through deepening theoretical thinking of ecological space zoning,clarifying the demands of territorial space planning for ecological space zoning and promoting theoretical logic and implementation approach of ecological space zoning,we can provide the support for the modernization of spatial governance in the new era of ecological civilization.