环境约束下中国城市土地利用效率空间差异及驱动机制——基于285个地级及以上城市的研究

Spatial Difference and Driving Mechanism of Urban Land Use Efficiency Under the Environmental Constraints:Based on 285 Cities in China

研究目的:明确环境约束下中国城市土地利用效率空间差异及驱动机制。研究方法:基于序列DEA的SE-U-SBM模型、Dagum基尼系数、Kernel密度估计、Markov链和空间杜宾模型。研究结果:环境约束下中国城市土地利用效率整体偏低,存在空间不均衡特征且具有波动扩大趋势,空间因素对城市土地利用效率具有不可忽视的影响,与高(低)水平为邻能够提高本地城市土地利用效率向上(下)转移的概率。地市空间尺度下产业结构升级对城市土地利用效率具有显著为正的直接效应,政府财力直接效应和间接效应均为负,城市化进程和人口密度对城市土地利用效率的直接效应和间接效应均不显著。研究结论:提升中国城市土地利用效率应坚持绿色集约导向,从新型城镇化推进、产业结构升级、营商环境建设和节能减排等方面系统推进,积极发挥土地利用效率领先城市的溢出和示范作用。

The purpose of this study is to clarify the spatial difference and driving mechanism of urban land use efficiency(ULUE)in China under the environmental constraints.The research methods include SE-U-SBM model based on sequential DEA,Dagum Gini Coefficient,Kernel Density Estimation,Markov Chain and Spatial Durbin Model.The research results show ULUE in China is relatively low with a spatial imbalance and the trend of fluctuation expansion.Spatial factors have a significant impact on ULUE.Neighboring with high(low)level increases the probability of upward(downward)transfer of land use efficiency in local cities.Under the spatial scale of city,the upgrading of industrial structure has a significant positive direct effect on ULUE.The direct and indirect effects of government financial resources are both negative.The direct and indirect effects of urbanization process and population density on ULUE are not significant.In conclusion,we should take the green and intensive development as the guide,systematically promote the new urbanization,the industrial structure upgrading,the business environment construction,the energy saving and the emission reduction as well as actively make full use of the spillover effects regarding the leading cities in land use efficiency.