微小RNA对生殖内分泌疾病调控的研究进展

Progress of MiRNAs in the Regulation of Reproductive Endocrine Diseases

生殖内分泌疾病是一类严重影响生殖健康、病因和临床表现高度异质性的疾病。微小RNAs(miRNAs)是一类由19~24个核苷酸组成的单链小RNA,可以通过与靶基因mRNA结合,促进mRNA降解或抑制蛋白翻译,其作为基因表达的转录后调节因子,在整个生命过程中发挥着重要的调控作用。随着转录组测序的不断发展,越来越多的研究表明miRNAs在早发性卵巢功能不全(POI)、多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)等诸多生殖相关的病理机制中发挥重要的调控作用,现阐述miRNAs在生殖内分泌疾病中的调控机制及作为生物标记的潜在可能性。

Reproductive endocrine diseases are a kind of diseases related with reproductive health.The etiology and clinical features of these diseases were highly heterogeneous.MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are a kind of single-stranded small RNAs composed of 19-24 nucleotides.They can promote the degradation of mRNAs or inhibit the translation of proteins by binding to target mRNAs.As a post-transcriptional regulator of gene expression,miRNAs play an important regulatory role in the whole life process.Recently,with the development of transcriptome sequencing,more and more results have identified the important effects of miRNAs on the pathological mechanism of premature ovarian insufficiency(POI),polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)and many other reproduction-related diseases.In this paper,we discuss the regulatory mechanism of miRNAs in reproductive diseases and the potential biomarkers.