利己与利他:竞技体育的困境与价值探讨

Egoism and altruism:Discussion on the dilemma and value of competitive sports

竞技体育的伦理意蕴,既有利益取向的困境,又有利己、利他及互利的价值。采用文献资料等方法,依据施动者与受动者的标准,析出竞技体育利益主体的己者与他者,剖析其围绕竞技体育客体在选材、训练、竞赛活动过程展开博弈的利益问题,包括跨项选材警惕利益偏离、性骚扰背离利益取向、训练低效阻碍利益生长、规则规程掩饰利益流向、兴奋剂妨碍利益公正。提出在规避竞技体育恶的同时,更应该弘扬竞技体育善的利益价值,即推进利己这一内部动力与利他这一外部张力间的关系重塑,进而达成竞技体育互利的终极目标。

The ethical implication of competitive sports is not only the dilemma of interest orientation,but also the value of egoism,altruism and mutual benefit.Using the method of literature,according to standards of the agent and the recipient,to analyse the egoism and altruism for interest subjects of competitive sports,and to explore the problem about interest around competitive sports objects that competing in the course of selection,training and competition activities,such as cross-program with attention of interest deviation,sexual harassment while deviation from interest orientation,inefficient training hindering interest growth,rules and regulations covering the flow direction of interest,and doping hindering the justice of interest.Therefore,it is proposed that while avoiding the evils of competitive sports,the interest and value on good of competitive sports should be greatly promoted,namely propelling the reconstruction of the relationship between the inner dynamics on egoism and the outer tension on altruism in order to attain the ultimate objective about the mutual benefit in competitive sports.