国外残疾儿童青少年身体活动研究概况及其对我国的启示

A review of researches on physical activity of disabled children and adolescents abroad and its enlightenment for China

从身体活动测量方法、身体活动水平和行为模式、身体活动影响因素3方面对国外残疾儿童青少年身体活动相关研究进行综述。结果表明进行残疾儿童青少年身体活动测量时,应考虑该群体残疾类型及残疾程度等具体情况,选用恰当测试方法;残疾儿童青少年身体活动严重不足,未能达到世界卫生组织推荐的儿童青少年身体活动标准;残疾儿童青少年身体活动水平明显低于同龄健全儿童青少年,其身体活动影响因素具有多层次和多维度等特征。研究认为我国学者应积极关注国内残疾儿童青少年身心健康,选用客观测试方法如加速度计来精准反映不同地区、不同残疾类型儿童青少年身体活动概况,并参阅和引入多种理论框架或视角准确定位身体活动影响因素,发展有效干预手段,促进我国残疾儿童青少年身体活动水平的提高。

In terms of three aspects on measure method of physical activity(PA),level and behavioral model of PA and effect factors of PA,this paper reviews relevant researches about disabled children and adolescents’PA,and the results show that taking disability type,degree and some specific conditions to them while measuring their PA,and picking up propel measure methods;the PA of them is extremely inactive and not be meet with standards recommended by World Health Organization;their level of PA is evidently inferior to healthy peer,and effect factors of them may be labeled with the features of multiple layer and dimension.This study suggests that domestic scholars should actively pay attention to physical and psychological health of disabled children and adolescents in China,and select objective measure method such as accelerators to accurately reflect the condition of PA with different areas and types to them,as well as refer and introduce various theoretical frames or perspectives to find out effect factors of PA,then develop effective intervention manners to improve the level of PA for them in China.