基于梯度的异构WSNs非均匀分簇路由协议

Gradient-based Unequal Clustering Routing Protocol for Heterogeneous WSNs

综合管廊巷道狭长,针对管廊中无线传感器网络能耗不均、寿命较短等问题,提出了一种基于梯度的异构WSNs非均匀分簇路由协议(GUCRP).该协议采用洪泛机制建立网络虚拟梯度分区,计算各梯度最优簇首个数,优化成簇过程;将节点剩余能量引入到簇首竞争机制中,根据节点能量异构性控制簇首竞争半径,形成非均匀分簇;在数据传输阶段,综合剩余能量和距离因子选取下一梯度最佳转发节点.仿真结果表明,该协议在网络寿命和能量消耗方面均优于DEEC、LEACH-HC和OCRP协议,且改善了网络"热区"问题,为综合管廊无线传感器网络构建提供了有效的解决方案.

The integrated pipe gallery is long and narrow.In order to address the problem of unbalanced energy consumption and short lifetime of the WSNs in the pipe gallery,a gradient-based unequal clustering routing protocol(GUCRP)for heterogeneous WSNs is proposed.The protocol adopts the way of flooding mechanism to establish virtual gradient partition,calculates the optimal number of cluster heads in each gradient and optimizes the clustering process.The residual energy of nodes is introduced into the election mechanism of cluster head,and the competition radius of cluster heads is controlled according to the heterogeneity of node energy to form unequal clustering.In data transmission phase,the next gradient optimal forwarding node is selected by combining the residual energy and the distance factor.Simulation results show that the protocol is superior to DEEC,LEACH-HC and OCRP in terms of network lifetime and energy consumption,and improves the"hot spot"problem of the network.It provides an effective solution for the construction of integrated pipe gallery wireless sensor network.