冯友兰孟子学诠释进路

The Interpretative Approach of Feng Youlan′s Mencius Study

冯友兰遵循理学路径,借鉴逻辑分析法,以建构人生哲学境界论的“觉解”为契入点对孟子思想进行创造性诠释。冯友兰以“人禽之辨”为分析对象,将孟子的人性解读为“逻辑底性”“即理言性”和“知觉灵明”,赋予人性之“觉解”能力;并根据“觉解”层次的递进,将孟子的“义利之辨”作为区分功利境界与道德境界的标准;而“觉解”的最高层次天地境界,即是孟子知天、事天、乐天、同天“万物皆备于我”的浩然之境。

Following the logic of Neo-confucianism,Feng Youlan creatively interpreted Mencius′thought from the perspective of constructing the philosophy of life realm theory.Taking"the distinction between human beings and animals"as the analysis object,Feng Youlan interpreted Mencius′human nature as"logic base","heavenly principles as nature"and"perception with wisdom",and endowed human nature with the ability of"awareness and understanding".He regarded Mencius′discrimination between righteousness and benefit as the criterion to distinguish utilitarian realm from moral realm according to the progressive level of"perception with wisdom";The highest cosmic state of"perception with wisdom"is the realm of heaven and earth,the natural greatness of a soul magnanimous,in which Mencius understands heaven,serves heaven,pleases heaven,is the same with heaven,and regards that"everything is in me."