面向废水深度净化的氧化石墨烯膜过滤技术

Graphene oxide membrane filtration technology for deep purification of industrial wastewater and its development trend

膜过滤技术作为一种高效、低能耗、二次污染少的技术,已广泛用于工业废水的深度净化与再生中。传统有机膜在工业废水深度净化处理中存在着耐氧化性不足、使用条件苛刻、膜污染控制困难等问题。同时,膜过滤过程中产生的有机物/无机盐混合浓水也阻碍了浓水的资源化利用。氧化石墨烯膜作为下一代的膜材料具有更好的耐氧化性、亲水性,且制备成本低廉,对有机物与无机盐的分离性能优异,有望在工业废水的深度净化与回用中得到广泛应用。在阅读文献资料的基础上,梳理了氧化石墨烯膜的制备、性能特点,采用氧化石墨烯膜过滤技术进行工业废水深度净化的研究现状及尚待解决的问题,如材料的稳定性能及膜污染控制等。最后指出氧化石墨烯膜过滤技术在未来应逐步实现应用放大,并在工业废水深度净化、实现水与资源回用,达到近“零排放”的水处理过程中发挥重要作用。

Membrane filtration technology as a technology with high efficiency,low energy consumption and less generation of new pollutants,has been widely used in the deep purification and regeneration of industrial wastewater.Traditional organic membranes have beed disadvantaged by insufficient oxidation resistance,harsh use conditions,and difficult membrane fouling control in the deep purification of industrial wastewater.At the same time,the resultant concentrated organic and inorganic salts in the membrane filtration process also hinders the resource utilization of the concentrated streams.As an emerging membrane material,graphene oxide membrane has better oxidation resistance and hydrophilicity.Meanwhile,its preparation cost is relatively low,and the separation characteristics of organic matter and inorganic salt is better.It is expected to be widely used in the deep purification and reuse of industrial wastewater.Based on the literature which has been read,this article summarizes the preparation and performance characteristics of graphene oxide membranes,as well as the current research status and problems by using graphene oxide membrane filtration technology in industrial wastewater deep purification,such as the stability of materials and membrane fouling control,etc.Finally,it is suggested that graphene oxide membrane filtration technology should gradually achieve application amplification in the future,and exploring its role in deep purification of industrial wastewater,realization of water and resource reuse,and nearly“zero discharge”water treatment process.