论地下空间使用权法律模式的建构

On the Construction of Legal Model for the Right to Use Underground Space

权利的法律模式是以权利的结构、功能等为指导,理解和建构规范此种权利的法律规范体系及其基本框架之思维、方法。作为一类特殊权利,地下空间使用权上权力对权利的叠加、影响实系公益与私益两种价值功能的冲突、磨合,这不仅重塑了权利的结构,还相应提出了公益优位基础上的公益-私益平衡之权利功能预期。故而,应从审视地下空间使用权的结构入手探究其合理的法律模式。将地下空间使用权类型化为生存用、公共用、生态环境用、经济用四种类型的过程清晰展现了其平面结构;这些类型的地下空间使用权上均所存在的权力对权利的叠加、影响又型塑了其"公共役权+剩余财产权"之立体结构,使它成为公私共治的一个典型领域,其法律模式的建构也较特殊,可行的方案是分步进行。

The legal mode of rights is the thinking and method to understand and construct the legal normative system and basic framework that is guided by the structure and function of rights.As a kind of special rights,the superposition and impact of power on the right to use underground space is the conflict and running-in between the value of public benefit and private benefit,this is not only reshape the structure of rights,but also put forward the expectation of the function which public-private interest balance on the basis of public interest priority. Therefore,it is necessary to explore the rational legal mode of the right to use underground space from the perspective of re-examining the structure.The processes of types,namely,survival,public,ecological and economic use,have been clearly demonstrated its Planar structure. The superposition and influence of the power on the rights has shaped of its three-dimensional structure " public service rights + residual property rights",and made it to be a typical area of public and private governance. The construction of legal model is also relatively special,the feasible solution is to realize the aim step by step.