乾隆时期凭祥州、思陵州与安南界务纠纷的处置智慧探析

The Wisdom in the Settlement of the Boundary Disputes of Pingxiang and Siling Prefectures with Annam during the Reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty

乾隆时期,清朝按照藩属体系的传统礼制,维系和促进了与安南的藩属关系,对安南内部的纷争,在采取不加干涉的态度,以达"保藩固圉"的目的。然而,乾隆时期是清朝边疆意识和边疆观念发生重大变革的时期,在处理凭祥州、思陵州沿边栽种筋竹而引发的与安南界务纠纷过程中,乾隆帝按照"不得丝毫侵越夷界,亦不可尺寸退让"的原则进行了处置,表现出近现代主权国家的疆域观念和边界意识。乾隆时期处置边疆界务纠纷的原则、措施和智慧,对于今天全面加强同周边国家关系,打造人类命运共同体均具有重要的现实意义。

On the basis of the traditional etiquette for the tributary system,the Qing Dynasty,during the reign of Emperor Qianlong,maintained and developed an appropriate relationship with its vassal Annam(ancient Vietnam)without interfering with the latter’s internal dissensions so as to"preserve the patriarchal-vassal system and to secure the boundary stability".Later,because of the dramatic changes in the view of state boundary,Emperor Qianlong handled the disputes of Pingxiang and Siling Prefectures with Annam over bamboo planting along the border areas with the principle of"neither trespassing nor yielding",showing the concept of territory and border consciousness of modern sovereign states.With its principles,measures and wisdom,such a settlement of boundary disputes is of great practical significance for China to comprehensively strengthen the relations with its neighboring countries and build a community of shared future for mankind.