地热地球物理勘探现状与展望

Status and prospects of geophysical method used in geothermal exploration

地热能作为一种绿色、可持续再生的可替代清洁能源,因其分布范围广,资源储量巨大的特点受到全世界的广泛关注.开发地热能在调整能源结构、缓解能源资源压力、促进消费转型升级和推进生态文明建设方面具有重大现实及战略意义.经过几十年勘探与开发,浅层高温地热能几乎已经勘查完毕.目前,地热能勘探受储层埋深大、温度较低和手段单一等的影响勘查难度较大.为了解决这些难题,提高地热能勘查效率,需要引入勘探深度大、方法手段多等特点的地球物理勘探方法.为指导地热勘探,本文按照物性测量差异分为直接测量和间接测量阐述国内外地热能勘探实例,并对主流地球物理地热能勘探特点进行了对比.认为在实际地热勘探工作中某一种物性参数并不能很好的反映地质背景及地质体的空间状态,需要将多种地球物理勘探手段融合,相互补充及验证,提高地热地球物理勘探效率.

Geothermal energy,as a green,sustainable renewable alternative energy resource,has attracted worldwide attention due to its wide distribution and enormous reservoir.The exploitation of geothermal energy has practical and strategic significance in adjusting energy structure,deducing energy resource pressure,promoting consumer revolution and ecological civilization construction.After decades of exploration and exploitation,shallow high-temperature geothermal energy has been deeply investigated.At present,geothermal energy exploration is difficult to investigate due to the influence of reservoir depth,low temperature and simple method.In order to solve these problems and improve the efficiency of geothermal energy exploration,it is necessary to introduce geophysical exploration methods with large exploration depth and diverse methods.In order to guide geothermal exploration,this paper is divided into direct and indirect measurement according to the difference of physical property measurement to illustrate the geothermal energy exploration examples at home and abroad,and compares the characteristics of mainstream geophysical geothermal energy exploration.It is concluded that in actual geothermal exploration work,single physical property parameter can’t reflect the geological background and the spatial distribution of the geological body very well.It needs a combination of various methods,mutual verification and supplementation to achieve more accurate and reasonable geothermal exploration results.