认真对待他者:公共行政的良知视域

Treating Others Earnestly:the Perspective of Conscience in Public Administration

他者哲学作为现象学的重要议题,探讨自我应当如何对待他者,对公共行政理论与实践产生重要影响。基于现象学和儒家心学共同关注的良知视域,他者具有三重面孔:欲望的他者、差异的他者、可能的他者。现代行政管理对待他者的科学化、层级化、制度化的管制模式,对他者构成严重的同化、压制乃至消灭。后现代公共行政对待他者的契约式、民主式、伦理式的对话模式,为他者提供了良好的生存、自由和发展空间。但是,后现代公共行政并未将自我和他者的对话安放在天生的良知本性基础上,具有显著的不彻底性,容易使后现代公共行政在过度的主观主义、自由主义和相对主义中走向分崩离析。因此,基于儒家心性现象学视角,建立基于良知的对话模式,是化解后现代公共行政对待他者的话语困境的一种未来路向。

As an important issue of phenomenology,the philosophy of others discusses how self should treat others,which has an important influence on the theory and practice of public administration.From the perspective of conscience commonly concerned by phenomenology and Confucianism,others have three faces:others with desire,others with difference and others with possibility.The scientific,hierarchical and institutionalized control mode of modern administration towards others leads to serious assimilation,suppression and even elimination of others.The post-modern public administration treats others in a contractual,democratic or ethical mode of dialogue,which provides others with a good space for survival,freedom and development.However,post-modern public administration does not put the dialogue between self and others on the basis of innate nature of human conscience,therefore,it has an obvious incompleteness,which is likely to lead post-modern public administration to disintegration owing to excessive subjectivism,liberalism and relativism.Therefore,this paper proposes to establish a dialogue model based on conscience from the perspective of phenomenological Confucianism of mind as a possible solution to the discourse dilemma of post-modern public administration towards others.