微波消解——滤膜富集法在硅藻监测中的应用研究

Application of Microwave Digestion-Membrane Enrichment Method in Diatom Pretreatment

硅藻是生态环境的重要指示生物,水体中的杂质和藻体中的色素体会影响硅藻的鉴定,常规的前处理方法需要将样品进行沉淀、虹吸,易造成样品损失。醋酸纤维滤膜或聚醚砜滤膜可以富集藻类样品,滤膜被乙酸-丁香酚试剂处理后会透明化,将藻类富集到滤膜上之后再进行透明化观察可以避免藻类处理过程中的损失。利用微波消解可以有效分解硅藻中的色素体、有机杂质和水体中的其他藻类,完整保留硅藻细胞外覆硅质,使得硅藻表面的线纹、肋纹、壳缝等特征更方便鉴定工作者识别。滤膜富集——微波消解(MD-MF)法应用于硅藻前处理较之于其他方法时间短、过程简单,有较大优势。

Diatom is an important indicator organism of ecological environment.Impurities in water and pigments in algae can affect the identification of diatom.The conventional pretreatment methods need to deposit and siphon the samples,which is easy to cause the loss of samples.Cellulose acetate membrane or polyethersulfone membrane can enrich algae samples,and the membrane becomes transparent after being treated by acetic acid-eugenol reagent.The loss of algae in the process of algae treatment can be avoided by concentrating algae on the filter membrane and then transparent observation.Strong acid digestion can effectively decompose the pigments,organic impurities and other algae in the water body,and completely retain the outer siliceous material of diatom cells,it makes the characteristics of striaes,rib lines and shell raphes on the surface of diatom easier to identify.Compared with other methods,the pretreatment of diatom by microwave digestion-membrane filtration(MD-MF)has the advantages of short time,convenient and high efficiency.