基于调查实验法的治理主体与环境治理评价研究

Research on governance subjects and environmental evaluation based on a survey experiment

环境治理已成为国家治理体系的重要组成部分,公众对环境治理效果的评价对于环境治理的理论与实践都具有重要意义。在PPP改革项目中,政府和企业同为提供服务的主体,谁的工作更能得到信任,谁的工作更能提升公众对环境治理效果的评价,这在已有的研究中尚未得到一致的回答。本文采用调查实验的方法,以H市环卫改革为例,探究在PPP改革项目中,不同治理主体对环境治理评价的影响,并且基于KHB分解法验证治理主体影响公众评价环境治理效果的中介机制。研究发现:首先,在PPP项目中,企业治理主体会使得公众对环境治理效果的评价更高。接受企业治理文本干预的受访者与接受政府治理文本干预的受访者相比,前者比后者对环境治理的评价高0.1105分。其次,企业信任在治理主体和环境治理评价中起到中介效应,25.48%的贡献来源于企业信任的中介影响。再次,公众治理效能感知也在治理主体和环境治理评价中起到了中介作用,其中17.98%的贡献来源于公众的治理效能感知。最后,媒体介入在治理主体与公众对环境治理评价中起到正向作用。实证分析结果表明,PPP改革项目作为合作治理的模式之一,若想提高公众对环境治理效果的评价需要充分发挥企业在城市环境治理中的作用。在PPP项目运营过程中,作为环境公共服务供给的最终责任主体,政府在财政融资、项目招标、运营管理、行业监管等环节应不断改进,并同时注重信息公开和媒体宣传。

Environmental governance has become an important part of China’s national governance system,and public evaluation of the effects of environmental governance is essential to the theory and improvement of environmental governance.In the context of Public Private Partnership(PPP)reform,both government and enterprises are service providing subjects.Who can be trusted more?And who can improve the public evaluation of environmental governance?These questions have not been answered in the existing research.This research conducted a survey experiment and took the sanitation reform of City H as an example to explore the influence of different governance subjects on environmental governance evaluation,and verified the mediated effect based on the KHB method.The results showed that,first of all,the respondents who received the intervention of enterprise governance text had a higher environmental governance evaluation,rating 0.1105 higher than the government.Secondly,public trust in enterprises had a mediated effect,with 25.48%contributed from the effect between governance subjects and environmental governance evaluation.Thirdly,the perception of environmental performance also played a mediated role with 17.98%of its effects.Finally,media use also had a positive mediated effect.This article suggests that PPP reform can give more priorities to enterprises.The government should strengthen its involvement in financing,bidding,operation and regulation.It also needs to improve information transparency and media publicity.