东地中海原型盆地演化

Proto-type basin evolution of the East Mediterranean Sea

东地中海经历了伸展聚敛的构造演化旋回,聚集了丰富的油气资源。基于2D地震、ODP Leg160、IHS及Tellus商业数据库和公开发表的文献资料,本文在建立东地中海及周缘构造地层格架的基础上,恢复了东地中海12个关键地质历史时期的原型盆地,并以板块构造为切入点探讨了盆地演化机制。东地中海及周缘上三叠统以来地层可划分为新特提斯被动大陆边缘陆地及浅水区、新特提斯被动大陆边缘深水区和塞浦路斯弧前褶皱区3个地层分区,前两个地层分区均发育一套裂谷被动大陆边缘层系,但是二者的岩相特征和不整合发育有明显的差异,而塞浦路斯弧前褶皱区发育一套大洋盆地弧前盆地层系。研究认为东地中海经历了二叠纪—早侏罗世裂解期、中侏罗世巴柔期—晚白垩世土伦期漂移期和晚白垩世森诺期以来的汇聚改造期3个原型阶段,其中汇聚改造期又可细分为晚白垩世森诺期“双俯冲带”消减期、古近纪北部俯冲碰撞期、中新世塞浦路斯岛弧带南侧俯冲碰撞与黎凡特边缘活化期和中新世梅西期以来“弧山碰撞”与“走滑逃逸”期4个阶段。东地中海盆地演化受控于图哈罗德安纳托利亚板块以及凯里尼亚、特罗多斯和埃拉托色尼等微板块与冈瓦纳大陆北缘的分离、向北的漂移和与欧亚大陆汇聚拼贴的板块构造活动。

The Eastern Mediterranean Sea experienced an extension-convergence tectonic cycle,accumulating abundant oil and gas resources.Based on 2D seismic data,ODP Leg160,IHS and Tellus commercial database as well as published papers,we constructed the tectonic-stratigraphic framework of the Eastern Mediterranean Sea and its adjacent area,and restored prototype basins in 12 critical geological periods.We also discussed basin evolution mechanism from the perspective of plate tectonics.The Upper Triassic-the Quaternary in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea can be divided into three regions:the onshore and shallow water region at the Neotethys passive continental margin,deep water region at the Neotethys passive continental margin and the Cyprus forearc fold belt.The first two stratigraphic regions consist of a set of rift-passive continental margin stratum system.However,significant differences in lithofacies and unconformity are in these two regions.A set of oceanic basin-forearc basin stratum system developed in the Cyprus forearc fold belt.The results show that the evolution of the Eastern Mediterranean Sea can be divided into three phases:the Permian-Early Jurassic rifting phase,the Middle Jurassic Bajocian-Late Cretaceous Turonian drifting phase and the convergence and transformation phase since the Late Cretaceous Senonian.The last phase can be subdivided into four stages,including the“double subduction zones”during the Late Cretaceous Senonian,the subduction-collision at the north during the Paleogene,the subduction-collision at the south of the Cyprus Arc and reactivity of the Levant margin during the Miocene,and the“arc-seamount”collision and plate escaping since the Miocene Messinian.The basin evolution was controlled by rifting of continental fragments,including the Tauride-Anatolian plate and the micro-plates(Kyrenia,Troodos and Eratosthenes)from Gondwana,as well as by northward drifting and collision of Eurasia and these continental fragments.