重载铁路小半径曲线钢轨波磨对机车曲线通过安全性的影响研究

Study on the Influence of the Small Radius Curve Rail Corruqation on Locomotive Curve Passing Safety of Heavy Haul Railway

随着机车轴重的不断增加,轮轨磨耗加剧,重载铁路小半径曲线上的钢轨波磨越发普遍。文章基于车辆系统动力学理论,建立C0-C0型30 t轴重重载机车模型,利用MATLAB软件模拟小半径曲线上的钢轨波磨作为外部激扰输入,研究了小半径曲线钢轨波磨对机车曲线通过安全性的影响。结果表明,轮轨垂向力随着波磨波深的增大而增大,随着波长的增大而减小,当机车以不低于70 km/h的速度通过小半径曲线钢轨波磨区间时,极有可能出现轮轨瞬时脱离现象。为了保障机车曲线安全通过,以动态轮重减载率、脱轨系数和倾覆系数为评价指标,针对小半径曲线上不同波深和波长的钢轨波磨,给出了行车速度建议:对于波长为300 mm、波深为0.8 mm的钢轨波磨区间,机车安全通过速度不能超过70 km/h;当波磨进一步发展,波深达到1.0 mm时,机车安全通过速度不能超过60 km/h。

As the axle weight of the locomotive continues to increase, the wheel-rail wear is intensified, and rail corrugation on the small radius curve becomes more and more common. Based on the theory of vehicle system dynamics, by establishing C0-C0 30 t axle heavy haul locomotive model, and using MATLAB software to simulate rail corrugation on the small radius curve as the external disturbance input, the influence of the small radius curve with rail corrugation on locomotive curve passing safety of heavy haul railway was studied. The results showed that the vertical force of the wheel-rail increased with the increasing of the wave depth, and decreased with the increasing of the wavelength. When the locomotive passed the small radius curve rail at a speed of not less than 70 km/h, it was highly probable that the wheel and rail would be instantaneously detached. In order to ensure the safety of the locomotive curve passing, the dynamic wheel load shedding rate, derailment coefficient and overturning coefficient were used as evaluation indexes. For the rail corrugation of different wave depths and wavelengths, the driving speed was proposed, that is, for rail corrugation with wave length of 300 mm and wave depth of 0.8 mm, the safe passing speed of locomotive couldn’t exceed 70 km/h;when rail corrugation is further developed and wave depth reaches 1.0 mm, the safe passing speed of locomotive couldn’t exceed 60 km/h.