2016-2017年全国棘球蚴病监测结果分析

Analysis of the results of echinococcosis surveillance in China from 2016 to 2017

目的了解2016-2017年全国棘球蚴病疫情变化及流行特点,为棘球蚴病防治措施的制定提供参考依据。方法按照各省包虫病流行种类及流行程度的比例,计算抽取各类流行村的数量,采用随机抽样的方法抽取监测点,采用SPSS19.0对全国包虫病等重点寄生虫病防治规划(2016-2020年)中期评估中人群、犬、家畜和啮齿类动物的监测结果进行统计分析。结果140个监测县(点)中有57个流行县属于青藏高原地区,83个流行县属于非青藏高原地区;有48个泡型包虫病流行县,92个非泡型包虫病流行县。2016年全国9个流行省及新疆生产建设兵团共检查291198人,查出包虫病患者964人,人群患病率为0.33%;共检测犬粪21707份,检出棘球绦虫抗原阳性494份,阳性率为2.28%;检测家畜内脏48649份,其中1115份检出棘球蚴,感染率为2.29%;剖检啮齿类动物24182只,检出感染棘球蚴动物506只,感染率为2.09%。2017年包虫病人群患病率为0.41%(1191/289008),犬粪抗原阳性率为2.71%.(631/23283);家畜内脏棘球蚴感染率为1.99%(917/46176),啮齿类动物棘球蚴感染率为1.70%(424/24923)。青藏高原地区人群患病率和犬粪棘球绦虫抗原阳性率均高于非青藏高原地区(均P<0.05);家畜感染率和啮齿类动物感染率差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论2016-2017年我国棘球蚴病流行情况基本保持稳定趋势,人群患病率有所降低,但地区间差异较大。

Objective To ascertain the variation and epidemiological characteristics of echinococcosis in China from2016 to 2017 in order to provide a reference for the better prevention and control of echinococcosis. Methods In accordance with the type and proportional prevalence of echinococcosis in each province,the number of villages where echinococcosis is prevalent was calculated Random sampling was used to identify surveillance sites,and the software SPSS19.0 was used to statistically analyze the results of echinococcosis surveillance in humans,dogs,livestock,and rodents in mid-term assessments of the National Plan for the Prevention and Control of Echinococcosis and Other Key Parasitic Diseases(2016-2020). Results A total of 140 surveillance sites were investigated in this study 57 counties where echinococcosis was prevalent were on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region and 83 counties where echinococcosis was prevalent were outside the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region.lveolar echinococcosis is prevalent in 48 counties and not prevalent in 92.In 2016,a total of291,198 people were screened in 9 provinces where echinococcosis was prevalent and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps.Nine hundred and sixty-four people were infected with echinococcosis at a rate of 0.33%.A total of 21,707 samples of dog feces were tested,494 of which tested positive for Echinococcus antigens at a rate of 2.28%.Viscera of 48,649 domestic animals were detected,1,115 of which were infected with Echinococcus rate of 2.29%.Of 24 182 rodents,506 were infected with Echinococcus at rate of 2.09%.In 2017,the prevalence of echinococcosis was 0.41%(1191/289008),and Echinococcus antigens were detected in dog feces at a rate of 2.71%(631/23,283).Livestock were infected with visceral echinococcosis at a rate of 1.99%(917/46,176)and rodents were infected at a rate of 1.70%(424/24,923).The prevalence of and positivity for the Echinococcus antigen in dog feces were higher on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau than outside the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the rate of infection between domestic animals and rodents(P>0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of echinococcosis in China remained basically stable from 2016 to 2017,.The prevalence of echinococcosis among the population decreased to some extent,but it differed substantially between regions.