金属矿山废弃地分析及植物修复技术研究

Analysis of Metal Mine Wasteland and Study of Phytoremediation Technology

随着矿产资源的大量开采和冶金工业的快速发展,金属矿山废弃地与日俱增。它不仅侵占大量土地,损害生态景观,还带来了严重的环境污染。对重金属污染地进行修复治理十分必要。本文划分了金属矿山废弃地的类型,总结了矿山废弃地的特征,阐述了金属矿山废弃地污染物质的迁移机制、毒性机理及危害,探讨了金属矿山废弃地修复方法,包括工程物理化学法、农业化学调控法和植物修复法。着重介绍了超富集植物修复技术、先锋植物修复技术和植物辅助修复技术。认为植物修复技术是一种新兴、有潜力的绿色修复技术,适合我国国情,是低消费的有效修复途径,值得研究推广。

Metal mine wasteland is increasing day by day due to large-scale exploitation of mineral resources and the rapid development of the metallurgical industry which not only encroaches a large amount of land,damages the ecosystem,but also brings about serious environmental pollution.Thus,it is very necessary to rehabilitate the heavy metal contaminated area.This paper divides the types of mine wasteland,has a discussion on characteristics of mine wasteland and makes an approach to migration mechanism,toxicity mechanism and hazards of pollutants in the wasteland and methods of repairing metal mine wasteland,including engineering physical and chemical methods,agricultural chemical regulation and phytoremediation technology.