我国公共卫生财政投入现状的时空分析

Spatiotemporal Analysis of the Current State of Public Health Financial Investment in China

目的:从时间和空间的角度对我国公共卫生投入现状和投入结构进行分析。方法:综合运用卫生统计年鉴和财政决算报表,对我国公共卫生财政投入进行描述性分析、比较研究、空间描述分析、空间自相关分析及局部热点分析。结果:我国当前公共卫生投入整体偏低,增长缓慢,远低于GDP增长水平,且占政府卫生支出、卫生总费用比例较低,投入结构不合理,"重医轻防"矛盾依然突出。结论:政府应增加公共卫生财政投入,探索建立更加合理的投资机制;调整投资结构,尝试改变"重医轻防"的现状;保证公共卫生财政投入公平性,缩小地区差异;针对性增加公共卫生机构经费投入,解决以疾控为主的公共卫生机构当前面临的困境。

Objective:From the time and spatial perspective,the status and structure of public health investment in China are analyzed.Methods:It comprehensively uses the health statistical yearbook and financial statement of accounts to perform descriptive analysis,comparative research,spatial description analysis,spatial autocorrelation analysis,and local hotspot analysis of China?s public health financial investment.Results:China's current public health investment is generally low,which has slow growth,far below the level of GDP growth.The proportion of government health expenditure and total health expenditure are relatively low,the input structure is unreasonable,and the contradiction of“emphasizing medical treatment but not prevention”remains prominent.Conclusion:The government should increase public health financial investment and explore the establishment of a more reasonable investment mechanism;adjust the investment structure and try to change the status of“emphasis on medical treatment rather than prevention”;ensure the equity of public health financial investment and reduce regional differences;increase the funding of public health institutions in a targeted manner,so as to solve the current dilemma facing public health institutions focusing on disease control.