车联网下UBI车险的数据告知和保护机制研究

Research on the Data Notification and Protection Mechanism of UBI under the Background of Internet of Vehicle

UBI(User Behavior Insurance)车险是以驾驶者的使用习惯为定价要素的新型保险。得益于当前车联网的快速发展,UBI车险在保费定价、折扣计算等方面得到了更为便利、精准的技术支持。然而,UBI车险运行模式中车联网应用提供商的加入,使既往保险法律关系中投保人与保险人二元博弈的主体架构发生了改变,由此产生了数据告知和数据保护的困境。本文分别针对UBI车险在法律端和技术端面临的运营困境,结合现行的监管规则展开理论分析。为解决UBI车险与现行保险告知义务规则的冲突,本文提出如下建议:一是完善《保险法》第十六条之表述,豁免投保人就“车联网数据”的告知义务;二是针对UBI车险数据的失真风险和安全隐患,围绕车联网提供商设计“制式—验证—救济”规范,并厘清车联网技术的信息获取边界,从而更好地维护保险消费者权益。

User Behavior Insurance(UBI)is a new type of insurance which applies usage habits as pricing elements when calculating premium.Benefiting from the quick development of the Internet of Vehicle(IOV),UBI has received more convenient and accurate technical support in terms of premium pricing and discount calculation.However,due to the participation of market subjects that provide data services in the operational model,the fundamental gaming structure between policyholders and insurers in the previous insurance legal relationship has been changed,resulting in the dilemma of data notification and data protection.This article focuses on the operational dilemma faced by UBI on the aforementioned legal and technical sides,and conducts a theoretical analysis in combination with current regulatory practices.In order to solve the conflict between UBI and the current insurance notification obligation rules,it is advised to improve the expression of Article 16 of the Insurance Law,so as to waive the notification obligation of the insured upon the IOV data;for the distortion risks and security risks of UBI data,it is recommended to design a"standard-verification-relief"regulations upon the data services providers,and clarify the information acquisition boundary,in order to better safeguard the interests of insurance consumers.