高压多级离心泵导叶的优化及分析

Optimization and Analysis of Guide Vanes for Multistage High-pressure Centrifugal Pumps

为了改善导叶内部的流动形态、完善导叶水力设计,以多级离心泵为研究对象,针对空间导叶内存在脱流、漩涡等现象,通过改变导叶叶片型线,对导叶叶片后半部分进行加厚处理。借助计算流体力学(CFD)方法,对三种导叶模型的三维湍流流场进行数值计算,获得了导叶内部的速度和压力分布,通过比较获得最优模型。在不同体积流量工况下对最优模型进行流场分析,在0.8倍体积流量工况时,进口处存在一定冲击现象,而在1.0倍和1.2倍体积流量工况时,进口处无冲击入流,内部未发生流动分离现象。通过对比导叶优化前后的体积流量扬程曲线和体积流量效率曲线,得出优化后离心泵的外特性有一定的提高,导叶能够在更宽的体积流量工况下满足扬程设计,且在大体积流量工况下优势更加明显。

Taking the multistage centrifugal pump as an object of study,to improve the internal flow pattern and optimize the design method for the guide vane,the problems,such as flow separation and vortex in the blade,were solved by changing the profile and thickening the latter part of the guide vane.Among three different blade models,the optimal one was determined using CFD analysis by comparing the velocity and pressure distribution inside the space vane through numerical calculation of the three-dimensional turbulent flow field.The internal flow field of the optimal space vane was analyzed at different flow rates,and in the case of 80%volume flow,there was certain impact at the inlet,while in the cases of 100%volume flow and 120%volume flow,no impact inflow and separation were found.Through the comparison of the flow rate-head curve and the flow rate-efficiency curve of the guide vane before and after optimization,the external performance of the centrifugal pump was found to be improved to some extent after optimization,and the guide vane could meet the design requirements in a wider range of flow conditions.At the same time,more obvious advantages could be obtained at higher flow rates.