传统与变革:生育风俗与台湾社会生育状况互动研究

Tradition and Change:A Study on the Interaction between Fertility Custom and Social Fertility in Taiwan Province

台湾的生育风俗是中华文化认同的重要表现形式之一。其主要通过传统节庆、生育仪式及民间信仰三部分予以表现。与此同时,传统生育观、生育礼仪及生育信仰的兴盛,也为生育题材文学创造了良好的社会空间。大量民间谚语及歌谣保留了育养各阶段的传统习惯及风俗,其存在也在客观上促进了传统生育风俗的延续。但随着经济社会的快速发展,目前台湾地区已长期处于低生育率状况,这是由女性生育意愿降低、生育风俗改变所引起。台当局的鼓励生育措施,则因经济保障与服务需求保障两者间的失衡而难以实现既定政策目标。大陆应在辩证看待传统生育礼俗的同时,结合地方实际,加快健康生育风俗的普及,保障世代更替的持续进行。

Taiwan's fertility custom is one of the important forms of Chinese cultural identity,which is mainly expressed through the following three parts,traditional festivals,fertility ceremonies and folk beliefs.At the same time,the prosperity of traditional fertility concept,fertility etiquette and fertility belief also created a good social space for fertility literature.A large number of folk proverbs and ballads retain the traditional habits and customs in different stages of breeding,and their existence objectively promotes the continuation of traditional childbearing customs.However,with the rapid development of economy and society,Taiwan has been in a low fertility situation for a long time,caused by the reduction of women fertility desire and the change of fertility customs.However,due to the imbalance between economic security and service demand guarantee,the Taiwan authorities'measures to encourage fertility are difficult to achieve the established policy objectives.The mainland should not only treat the traditional fertility custom dialectically,but also speed up the popularization of healthy birth custom combined with the local reality,so as to ensure the continuous replacement of generations.