秦王川灌区耕地撂荒、种植春小麦和牧草对地表微环境和土壤含水率的影响差异

Differences in Effects of Abandoned Cultivated Land,Planting Spring Wheat and Pasture on Soil Moisture Content and Micro-environment in Qinwangchuan Irrigated Area

以裸地(CK)、单播小麦(Triticum aestivum)、混播苜蓿/披碱草(Medicago sativa/Elymus nutans)牧草及其下部土壤为研究对象,通过测定植被的盖度、高度和生物量,地表微环境的光照强度、温度和湿度,以及土壤的温度和含水率,探究了秦王川灌区耕地撂荒、种植春播作物和牧草对地表微环境因素和土壤水分的影响差异,为该区防治耕地盐渍化提供科学依据。结果表明:生育期内,混播牧草的盖度和高度显著大于小麦(p<0.05);牧草地和小麦地的地表光照强度、温度、湿度和土壤温度与裸地间存在显著差异;0~5cm土层土壤含水率大小顺序为:牧草地>小麦地>裸地,而5~40cm土层土壤含水率正好相反,大小顺序为:裸地>小麦地>牧草地。综合以上,结论为:秦王川灌区耕地撂荒、种植春播作物和混播牧草后,地表微环境因素及土壤含水率间存在显著差异。

The experiment took bare land(CK),Triticum aestivum and Medicago sativa/Elymus nutans farmlands as the research objects.It measured vegetation coverage,height and biomass and surface light intensity,temperature and humidity of micro-environment,and soil temperature and moisture content,which provides a scientific basis for prevention and control of cultivated land salt.The results showed that during the growth period,the coverage and height of herbage mixtures were significantly higher than that of wheat.There were significant differences in surface light intensity,temperature,humidity and soil temperature between pasture and wheat field,and bare land(P<0.05).The order of soil moisture content in 0-5cm soil layer was:mixed pasture field>wheat field>bare land,while soil moisture content in 5-40cm soil layer was the opposite:bare land>wheat field>mixed pasture field.In conclusion,there were significant differences of surface micro-environmental factors and soil moisture content after abandoning cultivated land,planting spring crops and mixed pastures in the Qinwangchuan irrigation area.